Anatomy the way surgeons meet it

Station 01

The glenohumeral joint and what holds it

Identify the glenoid labrum, the acromioclavicular ligament, the glenohumeral ligaments, the coracohumeral ligament and the biceps brachii tendon on the models. Which structures help to reinforce the superior aspect of the joint?

6 structures · 2 questions

Station 02

The open shoulder: deltoid, pectoralis major and the cuff

Identify deltoid, pectoralis major, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor and subscapularis on the open shoulder teaching specimen. Which of the muscles identified was affected in the case?

6 structures · 2 questions

Station 03

The axilla: artery, cords and terminal nerves

Identify the axillary artery, the medial, lateral and posterior cords of the brachial plexus, and the musculocutaneous, median, ulnar, radial and axillary nerves.

9 structures · 2 questions

Station 04

Arm and forearm compartments

On the upper limb prosection identify the anterior arm (biceps brachii, coracobrachialis, brachialis), the posterior arm (triceps brachii), the forearm flexor group including pronator teres and pronator quadratus, and the forearm extensor group including brachioradialis and supinator. Which nerve innervates each? Which two anterior forearm muscles are innervated by the ulnar nerve?

10 structures · 4 questions

Station 05

Brachial plexus show-down

Correctly draw the brachial plexus on the whiteboard, noting the rami, trunks, divisions, cords and terminal branches.

8 structures · 3 questions

Station 06

The cubital fossa and the forearm dissection

Clean and identify brachioradialis, pronator teres, the tendon of biceps brachii, the brachial artery, the median nerve and the radial nerve. Then the flexor layers: superficial (pronator teres, flexor carpi radialis, palmaris longus, flexor carpi ulnaris), intermediate (flexor digitorum superficialis), deep (flexor pollicis longus, pronator quadratus, flexor digitorum profundus), with the radial and ulnar arteries and the median and ulnar nerves. Which of these nerves do you suspect is impacted in the case? Why?

9 structures · 3 questions

Station 07

Bones of the hand and the wrist joint

Examine the bones of the hand and the radiocarpal joint on the models and the split hand specimen: the proximal row (scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform), the distal row (trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate), metacarpals I to V, the phalanges and the articular disc. Which carpal bones articulate with the distal radius and the disc to form the wrist joint? What four movements occur at the wrist?

12 structures · 4 questions

Station 08

The carpal arch and the flexor retinaculum

Tighten the line that holds the bones of the hand together to observe how the shape of the carpal bones creates an arch that is open anteriorly. Identify the bones and bony features the flexor retinaculum attaches to. What nerve passes through the carpal tunnel? What group of hand muscles does it innervate?

9 structures · 4 questions

Station 09

The elbow and its lateral radiograph

The case: a swollen, painful elbow after a fall, with an abnormality on the lateral film. What do the findings suggest is happening in the joint? What nerve might be causing the findings? What imaging would you order, and which bony structures can you identify on the lateral? What is your differential diagnosis?

5 structures · 4 questions

Station 01

The hip joint and the proximal femur

Identify the acetabulum, the head, neck and trochanters of the femur, and the ligaments of the hip on the models. Why is the hip so much more stable than the shoulder, and why does a fractured neck of femur threaten the head?

5 structures · 3 questions

Station 02

The gluteal region and the sciatic nerve

Identify gluteus maximus, medius and minimus, piriformis, the short rotators and tensor fasciae latae, and the superior gluteal, inferior gluteal and sciatic nerves. Which nerve is tested by the Trendelenburg sign, and where is an intramuscular injection safe?

8 structures · 3 questions

Station 03

The femoral triangle

Identify the boundaries of the femoral triangle and its contents: the femoral nerve, artery and vein, the femoral canal, and the great saphenous vein. Where do you feel the femoral pulse, and where does a femoral hernia appear?

8 structures · 3 questions

Station 04

The compartments of the thigh

On the prosection identify the anterior compartment (quadriceps femoris and sartorius), the medial compartment (the adductors, gracilis and pectineus) and the posterior compartment (the hamstrings). Which nerve supplies each, and which hamstring is the exception?

7 structures · 3 questions

Station 05

The knee

Identify the femoral condyles, the tibial plateau, the patella and the head of the fibula, and the ligaments and menisci on the models. What does each ligament prevent, and which nerve winds round the neck of the fibula?

6 structures · 3 questions

Station 06

The popliteal fossa and the compartments of the leg

Identify the boundaries and contents of the popliteal fossa, the four compartments of the leg with their muscles, arteries and nerves, and the pulses of the foot. Which compartment is most at risk of compartment syndrome, and which nerve gives foot drop?

9 structures · 3 questions

Station 07

The ankle and the foot

Identify the malleoli, the talus, the calcaneus, the tarsal bones and the metatarsals, and the ligaments of the ankle on the models. Which ligament is sprained most often, and which fracture is missed at the base of the fifth metatarsal?

9 structures · 4 questions

Station 08

Lumbosacral plexus show-down

Draw the lumbar and sacral plexuses on the whiteboard with their main branches, and light each nerve's territory on the specimen. Which roots test the knee jerk and the ankle jerk?

7 structures · 2 questions